Scattering of light is a process in which light energy changes direction, without loss of energy. The volume scattering function (VSF) describes the directional dependence of this scattering. The scattering due to particles (see scattering by particulates) is much stronger in the forward direction than in the backward direction, whereas the scattering by water (see scattering by pure water) is the same in the forward and backward directions. Each of these components has a specific scattering spectrum.

The VSF of particles depends on their size, shape, and internal index of refraction distribution. It has been shown by Boss and Pegau (2001) that the backscattering coefficient is proportional to the light scattering at 117 degrees. The backscattering coefficient is important for the understanding of remote sensing signals.

The scattering spectrum can be measured in natural waters by means of an underwater spectrophotometer, the WET Labs ac-s or ac-9. The Volume Scattering Function at a specific angle can be measured in natural waters using an ECO Scattering sensor at various wavelengths.

IOP Links
absorption • beam attenuation • scattering • volume scattering function • fluorescence • turbidity

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